allen



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. F. ALLEN.

l RIVETING MACHINE. No. 307,421. Patented NOV. 4,1884.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(S0 Model.)

- J. 'P. ALLEN.

RIVETING MAGHINE. No. 307,421. Patented Nov. 4, 1884.

INVENTOR W ATTORNEY WITNESSES ywa N. PETERS. Phnwulhc m her. Wnshmgwn. D. c.

. UNlTlED Smarts P a'rnnr @rrren.

JOHN F. ALLEN, on BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

RIVETING MACHINE.

JPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 307,421, dated November i, 188%.

Application filed May 25, 1883. (Nomodell) TcctZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN F. ALLEN, of Brooklyn, in the State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Riveting-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

The nature of my invention relates to the arrangement of a sleeve in the end stake of a riveting-machine surrounding the end die and acted upon by a suitable pressure, whereby, together with the moving ram and its die, the plates to be riveted together are previously to and during the process of forming the rivet-head pressed firmly together, to prevent any possibility of forming a fin between said plates. I

Itiveting-machines have heretofore 'been constructed to press the plates togeth er before and during the operation of forming the rivethead. In that construction a ram or sleeve surrounding the die or dolly-bar is employed, operated separately by gearing or by two cylinders, (see English Patent No. 2,487 of 1862,) arranged upon the main frame of the machine, wheretheramor sleeveisfirstmovedforward to exert apressure against the plates, after which the die is moved forward to form the rivet-head. This construction necessitates the insertion of the rivet to be operated upon from the side of the end stakeor from the inside of the boilershell and the forming of the rivet-head at the outside of the shell, which is more or less objectionable 011 account of the general formation of fins or projections around this head.

My invention permits the rivet to be inserted from the outside, and the head to be formed in the inside of the shell, and has besides the advantage that it can readily be applied to any existing machine by altering the head of the end stake.

My invention consists in the arrangement of a sleeve surrounding the stationary die in the end stake, said sleeve being provided with an external screw -thread working in a corresponding nut turning freely in the end stake. By moving or turning the nut by hand or by a weight the sleeve will be moved outward toward the inner side of the plates, when the forward motion of the ram and its die against the head of the rivet produces the desired pressure against the plates. The further mo tion of the ram and its die overcomes the friction of the screw-thread, and as this sleeve moves on feathers or keys fast to the stationary die, and is thereby prevented from turning, its-nut will turn around and allow the power required to cause the nut to turn around,

and by varying the resistance of this nut the pressure on the plates may be increased or diminished at pleasure. This sleeve may be attached to a piston working in' acylinder made or placed in the end stake or attached to the same, and surrounding the stationary end die, and hydraulic pressure employed to force the piston and sleeve outward. When the force of the forward-moving rain and die comes against the outside of the plates, the fluid in this cylinder is allowed to escape through a very small orifice or loaded valve, the size of which, and consequently the velocity of the escaping fluid, will regulate the pressure exerted against the plates.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure I represents an elevation of a rivetingmachine, partly in section, embodying my invention. Fig. II is a section of part of the cylinder and valve. Fig. III is a section of the end stake, the screwthreadcd sleeve, and its nut. Fig. 1V is a front view of the same. Fig. V is a crosssection of the same. Fig. VI is a section of the head of an end stake and sleeve operated by hydraulic pressure. Fig. VII is an end view of the stake, showing the construction of a cam.

Similar letters represent similar parts in all the figures.

A is the main frame of the machine, and B the end stake or anvil post. The main frame A is made hollow or box-shaped, and contains the cylinder 0, to operate the ram H by means of the toggle-levers G and F. These levers are connected at one end to the pistonrod E at Q. The other end of the lever F turns on a fixed center, F, on the frame A, and the other end of the lever G is attached to communicate the desired motion to the ram H. The forward end of this ram H is furnished with the necessary die H,and is guided in the frame A, and the after end of said ram is guided in the cap J.

vIn the end stake, B, is the end die, L, the rotation of which is prevented by its head r. Around this die L a sleeve, N, is placed,working on feathers or keys 2 2, Fig. V, attached to the die L, which prevent said sleeve N from turning, but allow the free inward or outward movement of the same. On the outer surface of this sleeve N is a screw-thread, V, working in a nut, M, that turns freely in the end stake, B, and is held in place by the cap P. At the outer end of this nutM teeth m are made, meshing into corresponding teeth in the wheel 12, fast to a shaft, 1), on the end of which a wheel or cam, R, is attached, around which a cord, S, passes, having a weight, WV, attached to its end. When the outer end of the sleeve N is not subjected to any-pressure from the ram, the weight W will act, through its wheel or cam R and wheel 1), upon the teeth at on the nut M, so as to cause the turning of said nut M, and thereby move the sleeve N outward into the desired position, projecting some distance forward of the die L, as shown in Figs. Iand III. The rivet Y having been inserted in the rivetholes in the platesU from the outside of the plates or shell, the die H in the ram H will, during the forward movement of said ram H, come againstv the rivet-head and press the plates U between it and the end of the sleeve N. The further movement of the die H and ram H will cause the sleeve N to recede ormove inward under a pressure corresponding to the power required to turn the nut M and overcome the resistance produced by the connected weight \V until the end of the sleeve N will be in the same plane with the outer end of the die L. During this latter movement of the ram H and its die H the end of the rivet will be forced into the cavity in the end die, L, and the desired rivethead formed thereby. As soon as the ram H with its die H is moved backward, the action of the weight XV will turn the nut M, moving thereby the slecveN outward into its original position ready for the next operation. It will be perceived that theforce required to cause the sleeve N to recede or move inward depends first upon the pitch of the screw-thread V; secondly, upon the movement of the weight \V, and also upon the relation of the diameters of the gear-wheel oand the gear upon the nut M; hence by vary ing any or all of these the resistance opposing the rotation of the nut M, and consequently the amount of pressure exerted against the plates U, can be easily regulated.

The object ofv throwing a' pressure against theplates isto prevent the formation of fins between the plates in case the same are not very well fitted. This danger is the greatest at the beginning of the action of the end die against the end of the rivet. It may therefore be advisable in some cases to increase the resistance opposing the rotation of the nut M, and consequently the amount of pressure against the plates at the time the end die begins to act against the end of the rivet. This can be done by substitutingacam, 1%,(see Fig. VIL) for the wheel B, Fig. III, whereby the movement of the weightwv will be at its maximum at that time when the/sleeve N begins to move inward and gradually diminish as the danger of forming a fin between the plates is removed, and which may be regulated by the shape of this cam.

It will be perceived that the weight IV, to-

gether with its connecting-gearing, may be dispensed with and the nut M turned by hand, less than onequarter turn of said nut M being required to move the sleeve N the required distance outward; but by the arrangement of weight and gear above described the whole operation will be automatic.

' In Fig. VI, where B represents the head of the end stake and L the stationaryend die, the sleeve N,surrounding the end die, L, is attached to a piston, N, working in a cylinder, 0, made in the end stake, B, or a suitable cylinder may be attached to the inside of the end stake. This cylinder 0 issupplied with the required fluid through the pipe 00 and passage h to move the piston N and its sleeve N outward into the required position whenever the end of said sleeveN is relieved from pressure resulting from the movement of the ram H and its die H. Whenever the ram H with its die H forces the plates U against the end of the sleeve N, as above described, the fluid previously introduced into the cylinder 0 will be forced out through the passages e and 9 into the pipe'x or accumulator. The size of the opening through which the fluid is forced to escape will regulate the back-pressure on the piston N, and consequently the force eX- erted by the end of the sleeve N against the plates U.

To regulate the orifice through which the fluid must pass a screw-valve, T, is arranged, whereby the opening may be increased or diminished, as may be desired. At the end of the passage h a self-acting valve, K, is arranged to prevent the escape of the fluid through this passage, or a check or non-return valve may be arranged in the pipe as for that purpose; but in this latter case the passage 9 must connect with the piper outside of said valve.

In riveting-machines the power required from the cylinder is mainly required in one directionnamely,- to move the ram outward to form the desired rivethead by compression, while to cause the backward motion only very little power is required, as the weight of the several parts will almost effect that result. To save, therefore, the amount of steam or its equivalent which would be required to fill ICO the steam previously employed to raise the the cylinder in the backward movement of the piston D, I arrange at the upper end of the cylinder a large chamber, (1, into which piston D is allowed to escape through a pas sage, (I, made in the valve D,which, as shown in Fig. II, forms a direct communication between the lower port, a, and the upper port, a, or between both ends of the cylinder. After thus filling the space 0 a farther motion of the Valve D will close the port a and open a communication between the port a and the eX- haust b. The steam or its equivalent in the space or chamber 0 will then expand and move the piston D, together with all its connected parts, back again to the position shown in Fig. I, ready for operation, and then as soon as steam or its equivalent is admitted below the piston D, a communication will be made through the port a between the chamber 0 at that end of the cylinder and the exhaust-port Z) to allow the remaining steam or its equivalent to escape. The lap on the upper end of the valve D is made sufficiently large to prevent any communication between the passage a and the steam or its equivalentin the valve- I ehestsurrounding the slide-valve. It will thus be perceived that the steam or its equivalent which has moved the piston in one direction is conducted into a large chamber at the opposite end of the same cylinder, and then caused to move the piston back again before being allowed to escape into the exhaust-passage.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a riveting-machine, in combination with the end stake, B, and stationary end die, L, the nut M, and horizontal moving sleeve N, provided with screw-thread V, arranged to operate substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a riveting-machine, the combination, with the nut M, operating a sleeve, N, as described, of the gearing m, wheel 22, shaft 19, wheel or cam R, cord S, and weight WV, for the purpose specified.

JOHN F. ALLEN.

WVitnesses:

HENRY E. Ronnim, J GEMMEL, Jr. 

